Band | Regulations | Range | Data speed | ISO/IEC 18000 section | Remarks | Approximate tag cost in volume (2006) US $ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
120–150 kHz (LF) | Unregulated | 10 cm | Low | Part 2 | Animal identification, factory data collection | $1 |
13.56 MHz (HF) | ISM band worldwide | 10 cm–1 m | Low to moderate | Part 3 | Smart cards (ISO/IEC 15693, ISO/IEC 14443 A, B). ISO-non-compliant memory cards (Mifare Classic, iCLASS, Legic, Felica ..). ISO-compatible microprocessor cards (Desfire EV1, Seos) | $0.50 to $5 |
433 MHz (UHF) | Short range devices | 1–100 m | Moderate | Part 7 | Defense applications, with active tags | $5 |
865–868 MHz (Europe) 902–928 MHz (North America) UHF | ISM band | 1–12 m | Moderate to high | Part 6 | EAN, various standards; used by railroads[15] | $0.15 (passive tags) |
2450–5800 MHz (microwave) | ISM band | 1–2 m | High | Part 4 | 802.11 WLAN, Bluetooth standards | $25 (active tags) |
3.1–10 GHz (microwave) | Ultra wide band | Up to 200 m | High | Not defined | Requires semi-active or active tags | $5 projected |
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